This test is conducted to screen for any kidney diseases and infections of the urinary tract. It also helps to identify diseases that cause abnormal breakdown of products that may be passed from the body in the urine. The Urine Routine test reports the following:-Presence of sugars, ketones, and proteins, Presence of bilirubin, pH, or relative acidity or alkalinity, Physical color and appearance, Presence of blood and its components like RBC, hemoglobin & WBC and Specific gravity.

Reason To Take Urine Routine Test
Burning on urination
Frequency to urinate
Bloody or cloudy urine
Symptoms of a urinary tract infection or bladder infection
Symptoms of kidney failure 
Chills
Fever
Back pain
High blood pressure
Edema or swelling
Loss of appetite
Nausea, Vomiting
Fatigue, Sleepiness
Itching, Twitching
Metallic taste in the mouth

Category
Biochemistry

Prerequisite
No Special Instruction needed

Normal Range
Normal values are as follows:
Color – Yellow (light/pale to dark/deep amber)
Clarity/turbidity – Clear or cloudy
pH – 4.5-8
Specific gravity – 1.005-1.025
Glucose - ≤130 mg/d
Ketones – None
Nitrites – Negative
Leukocyte esterase – Negative
Bilirubin – Negative
Urobilirubin – Small amount (0.5-1 mg/dL)
Blood - ≤3 RBCs
Protein - ≤150 mg/d
RBCs - ≤2 RBCs/hpf
WBCs - ≤2-5 WBCs/hpf
Squamous epithelial cells - ≤15-20 squamous epithelial cells/hpf
Casts – 0-5 hyaline casts/lpf
Crystals – Occasionally
Bacteria – None
Yeast - None

Type of sample to be collected
Urine